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Reducción del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes pediátricos de alto riesgo: una declaración científica de la
Circulation
|February 26, 2019
Resumen
Esta declaración guía a los médicos en la evaluación y reducción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en niños y adolescentes de alto riesgo. Examina la evidencia para intervenciones tempranas para prevenir enfermedades cardíacas y accidentes cerebrovasculares prematuros.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- Pediatría
- La medicina preventiva
Sus antecedentes:
- Las poblaciones pediátricas pueden enfrentar enfermedades cardiovasculares prematuras debido a factores de riesgo, afecciones específicas o anormalidades vasculares.
- La aterosclerosis acelerada y la arteriosclerosis en los jóvenes requieren estrategias de manejo clínico enfocadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar consideraciones de manejo clínico para evaluar y reducir el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en poblaciones pediátricas de alto riesgo.
- Revisar la evidencia que apoya las intervenciones para prevenir las ECV y los accidentes cerebrovasculares de inicio temprano en niños y adolescentes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de las declaraciones y directrices científicas existentes.
- Evaluación basada en la evidencia de los factores de riesgo y las condiciones de alto riesgo de ECV en los jóvenes.
- Descripción de las estrategias de identificación y reducción de riesgos adaptadas a los entornos clínicos.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de los grupos pediátricos con mayor riesgo de arteriosclerosis o aterosclerosis adquiridas.
- Evaluación de la evidencia de enfermedad arterial coronaria acelerada y accidente cerebrovascular en la infancia y la adolescencia.
- Evaluación de los beneficios de la intervención para la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes jóvenes.
Conclusiones:
- La gestión clínica debe centrarse en la identificación temprana y la reducción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular pediátrica.
- La evidencia apoya intervenciones específicas para mitigar eventos cardiovasculares prematuros en jóvenes de alto riesgo.
- Esta declaración sirve como guía para los especialistas pediátricos y los proveedores de atención primaria en el manejo del riesgo pediátrico de ECV.
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