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Interacciones climáticas pantrópicas

Wenju Cai^1,2, Lixin Wu³, Matthieu Lengaigne^4,5

¹Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography-Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies, Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 2, 2019

Resumen

La Oscilación El Niño-Sur (ENSO) se origina en el Pacífico, pero el calentamiento en el Atlántico influye en el clima del Indo-Pacífico y ENSO. Comprender estas interacciones pantrópicas mejora las predicciones climáticas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del clima
La oceanografía
Ciencias atmosféricas

Sus antecedentes:

La Oscilación El Niño-Sur (ENSO) es un factor importante de la variabilidad del clima tropical que se origina en el Pacífico.
ENSO influye en el clima global al perturbar la circulación atmosférica, afectando a los océanos Atlántico e Índico tropicales.
La influencia recíproca de los océanos Atlántico e Índico tropicales en el Pacífico es menos conocida.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto de la variabilidad tropical del Atlántico y el Océano Índico en el sistema climático del Pacífico.
Explorar la influencia del calentamiento multidecenal del Atlántico en el ENSO y las temperaturas de la superficie global.
Destacar la importancia de las interacciones pantrópicas para la predicción y proyección del clima.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de los datos climáticos históricos.
Investigación de los patrones de circulación atmosférica.
Examen de las interacciones océano-atmósfera en las cuencas tropicales.

Principales resultados:

El calentamiento multidecenal del Atlántico desde finales de la década de 1990 ha influido manifiestamente en el clima del Indo-Pacífico.
La variabilidad atlántica afecta a las características del ciclo ENSO.
Estas interacciones pantrópicas jugaron un papel en el reciente hiato en el calentamiento global de la superficie.

Conclusiones:

Las interacciones pantrópicas son cruciales para comprender la variabilidad climática.
Reconocer la influencia del Atlántico en el Pacífico y ENSO es clave para mejorar las predicciones climáticas.
Esta investigación hace avanzar las proyecciones del cambio climático futuro bajo varios escenarios de forzamiento antropogénico.

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