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Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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Nanomágnetos acoplados quiralmente

Zhaochu Luo1,2, Trong Phuong Dao3,2,4, Aleš Hrabec3,2,4

  • 1Laboratory for Mesoscopic Systems, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. zhaochu.luo@psi.ch laura.heyderman@psi.ch pietro.gambardella@mat.ethz.ch.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 30, 2019
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores lograron un fuerte acoplamiento entre nanomágnetos adyacentes lateralmente utilizando la interacción interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya. Este avance permite nuevos diseños para puertas lógicas magnéticas y dispositivos de memoria con control totalmente eléctrico.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la materia condensada
  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los nanomagnéticos acoplados magnéticamente son cruciales para las memorias no volátiles, las puertas lógicas y los sensores.
  • El apilamiento vertical ha sido el método más eficaz para lograr el acoplamiento magnético.
  • El acoplamiento lateral de nanomagnetos presenta desafíos y oportunidades para nuevas arquitecturas de dispositivos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para lograr un fuerte acoplamiento magnético entre nanomágnetos adyacentes lateralmente.
  • Explorar el uso de la interacción interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya para el acoplamiento de nanomagnéticos.
  • Demostrar nuevas funcionalidades y aplicaciones de dispositivos basados en el acoplamiento de nanomagnéticos laterales.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó la interacción interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya para mediar el acoplamiento entre nanomagnets laterales.
  • Acoplamiento investigado mediado por paredes de dominio quirales entre regiones magnéticas fuera del plano y dentro del plano.
  • Estudió el comportamiento de los nanomagnets por debajo de un tamaño crítico donde este acoplamiento domina.

Principales resultados:

  • Se logró un fuerte acoplamiento entre nanomágnetos adyacentes lateralmente.
  • Se ha demostrado un sesgo de intercambio lateral y una conmutación inducida por corriente libre de campo.
  • Realizó configuraciones magnéticas de varios estados, antiferromagnetos sintéticos, esquimiones y espinos artificiales.
  • Cubre una amplia gama de escalas de longitud y topologías en sistemas magnéticos.

Conclusiones:

  • La interacción interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya proporciona un poderoso mecanismo para el acoplamiento de nanomagnéticos laterales.
  • Este acoplamiento permite el diseño de matrices de nanomagnéticos correlacionados.
  • Ofrece una plataforma para el control totalmente eléctrico de puertas lógicas planas y dispositivos de memoria.