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Formación de grupos y cohesión de partículas activas con movilidad dependiente de la percepción visual
François A Lavergne1, Hugo Wendehenne1, Tobias Bäuerle1
1Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 6, 2019
Resumen
Los cambios simples en el movimiento, impulsados por ver a otros, pueden hacer que los sistemas vivos formen grupos cohesionados. Este principio de cohesión inducida por la motilidad se aplica a la autoorganización biológica y al diseño de sistemas autónomos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comportamiento colectivo
- Física de la materia activa
- La autoorganización
Sus antecedentes:
- La formación de grupos se basa en interacciones complejas como la repulsión, la alineación y la atracción.
- Comprender los mecanismos fundamentales que impulsan el comportamiento colectivo es crucial tanto para la biología como para la robótica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los cambios en la motilidad individual, basados en la percepción visual de los compañeros, pueden inducir la formación y la cohesión de grupos.
- Para probar un nuevo mecanismo de cohesión inducido por la motilidad en un sistema físico.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un sistema real de partículas activas con motilidades controladas por un bucle de retroalimentación externo.
- Manipuló el campo de visión (estrecho vs. amplio) y el umbral de respuesta para observar la dinámica del grupo.
Principales resultados:
- Un simple cambio en la motilidad en respuesta a las señales visuales condujo a la formación de un grupo cohesivo sin reorientación activa en campos de visión estrechos.
- La reducción del umbral de respuesta facilitó la cohesión incluso con campos de visión más amplios.
Conclusiones:
- La cohesión inducida por la motilidad es un mecanismo viable para la autoorganización en los sistemas vivos.
- Este principio puede informar el diseño de sistemas autónomos robustos y escalables capaces de comportamiento colectivo.
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