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Probando el enredo en un sistema localizado de muchos cuerpos
Alexander Lukin1, Matthew Rispoli1, Robert Schittko1
1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Resumen
La localización de muchos cuerpos impide que los sistemas cuánticos alcancen el equilibrio térmico. Los investigadores observaron experimentalmente este fenómeno, confirmando un estado distinto de la materia caracterizado por partículas localizadas y entropía de entrelazamiento creciente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física cuántica
- Física de la materia condensada
- Mecánica estadística
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas cuánticos desordenados pueden no termolizarse, lo que indica una ruptura de la termodinámica.
- Comprender este fenómeno requiere medir el entrelazamiento del sistema, que es experimentalmente difícil.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Realizar y caracterizar experimentalmente un sistema localizado de muchos cuerpos.
- Investigar el papel del entrelazamiento en la descomposición de la termialización.
Principales métodos:
- Realización de un sistema localizado de muchos cuerpos en una cadena de Bose-Hubbard desordenada.
- Caracterización de las propiedades de entrelazamiento a través de fluctuaciones y correlaciones de partículas.
- Medición de las correlaciones no locales para el crecimiento de la entropía del entrelazamiento de la sonda.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha observado la localización de partículas, la supresión del transporte y la termialización del subsistema.
- Correlaciones no locales medidas que muestran un crecimiento logarítmico de la entropía del entrelazamiento.
- Demostró que la localización de muchos cuerpos es distinta de la localización no interactiva.
Conclusiones:
- Experimentalmente confirmó la localización de muchos cuerpos como un fenómeno cuántico distinto.
- Estableció un método para caracterizar el entrelazamiento en tales sistemas.
- Proporcionó información sobre el desglose de la termodinámica en sistemas cuánticos desordenados.
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