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Deslizamientos aseísmicos inducidos por fluidos que superan la migración de fluidos porosos
Pathikrit Bhattacharya1,2, Robert C Viesca1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA. path_geoalum@alumni.princeton.edu robert.viesca@tufts.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 4, 2019
Resumen
La inyección de líquido puede desencadenar terremotos al causar un deslizamiento sísmico, que extiende los cambios de tensión más rápido que la difusión de la presión porosa. Este estudio confirma que el deslizamiento sísmico se propaga más allá de las zonas presurizadas, impactando la dinámica del enjambre de terremotos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica
- Sismología
- Dinámica de fluidos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los enjambres de terremotos a menudo están relacionados con la inyección de fluidos subterráneos.
- Tradicionalmente, esto se atribuye al aumento de las presiones de fluidos porosos que desestabilizan las fallas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel del deslizamiento asísmico en enjambres de terremotos provocados por la inyección de fluidos.
- Para probar la hipótesis de que el deslizamiento asísmico puede transmitir cambios de tensión más allá de las regiones presurizadas por fluidos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de los experimentos de inyección de fluidos.
- Medición del deslizamiento sísmico lento en fallas poco profundas.
- Aplicación de un modelo de ruptura por corte acoplado para limitar los parámetros hidromecánicos de falla.
Principales resultados:
- Los datos experimentales apoyaron la hipótesis de que el deslizamiento sísmico puede activar fallas.
- Se descubrió que la fuerza de la falla dependía de la fricción de debilitamiento del deslizamiento y de la tensión normal efectiva.
- El frente de ruptura asísmica se propagó más rápido y a distancias mayores que la difusión por fluido.
Conclusiones:
- El deslizamiento asísmico es un mecanismo significativo en la generación de enjambres de terremotos debido a la inyección de fluidos.
- Los cambios de tensión pueden propagarse más allá de las áreas directamente presurizadas a través del deslizamiento sísmico.
- Este mecanismo tiene implicaciones para comprender y predecir el comportamiento de los terremotos en escenarios de inyección de fluidos.
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