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El receptor Fc neonatal humano es el receptor de descubrimiento celular para el enterovirus B

Xin Zhao¹, Guigen Zhang², Sheng Liu³

¹CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.

|May 21, 2019

Resumen

El receptor Fc neonatal humano (FcRn) actúa como el receptor de descubrimiento para el Enterovirus B (EV-B), facilitando la entrada del virus. Este descubrimiento revela el mecanismo detrás de la desinfección EV-B, crucial para comprender estas enfermedades infecciosas humanas graves.

Área de la Ciencia:

Virología
Biología estructural
Inmunología

Sus antecedentes:

El enterovirus B (EV-B) causa enfermedades humanas graves, pero sus mecanismos de entrada y desprendimiento no se comprenden completamente.
Si bien se conocen los receptores de algunos EV-B como el coxsackievirus B, el echovirus y otras vías de entrada de EV-B siguen sin estar claras.
La identificación de los receptores de descubrimiento viral es fundamental para comprender la patogénesis del picornavirus.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar el receptor celular responsable del proceso de desprendimiento del enterovirus B (EV-B).
Para aclarar los mecanismos estructurales subyacentes a la fijación y desmontaje de EV-B.
Proporcionar una base estructural para comprender la entrada de EV-B en las células huésped.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó la crio-microscopía electrónica (crio-EM) para obtener estructuras de resolución atómica y casi atómica.
Se investigó la interacción entre EV-B y el receptor Fc neonatal humano (FcRn).
Cambios estructurales analizados en las partículas virales durante la entrada en condiciones ácidas.

Principales resultados:

Identificó el receptor Fc neonatal humano (FcRn) como el receptor descubriendo para los principales serotipos EV-B.
Se demostró que FcRn se une al "cañón" viral a través de su subunidad FCGRT.
Se observó que la unión de FcRn induce la liberación del "factor de bolsillo" y cambios conformacionales en el virión en condiciones ácidas, distintas de la unión mediada por CD55.

Conclusiones:

El FcRn juega un papel clave en la desinfección de EV-B, un paso crítico en la entrada del virus.
Las ideas estructurales revelan cómo la unión de FcRn inicia los cambios conformacionales necesarios para la liberación del virus.
Este hallazgo proporciona un nuevo marco estructural para comprender la entrada de enterovirus y desarrollar estrategias terapéuticas.

Palabras clave:

¿Qué es lo que quiere?fijación Crio-EM el eco-virus el enterovirus receptor Fc neonatal humano el receptor Descubrimiento

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