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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Absorption of Radiation01:05

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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

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The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
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Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

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The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

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Un material estructural de refrigeración por radiación

Tian Li1, Yao Zhai2, Shuaiming He1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 25, 2019
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La madera de ingeniería ofrece una solución de refrigeración sostenible, reduciendo el consumo de energía de aire acondicionado en un 20-60%. Este nuevo material logra un enfriamiento subambiental continuo a través de propiedades avanzadas de nanofibra de celulosa, lo que beneficia a los climas cálidos y secos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Energía sostenible
  • Ingeniería térmica

Sus antecedentes:

  • El aire acondicionado es un gran consumidor mundial de energía.
  • El desarrollo de métodos de refrigeración energéticamente eficientes es crucial para reducir las huellas de carbono.
  • El potencial de la madera como material estructural y funcional está poco explorado.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para diseñar un nuevo material a base de madera para el enfriamiento pasivo.
  • Para investigar las propiedades mecánicas y térmicas del material.
  • Para modelar el ahorro de energía potencial alcanzable con esta madera de refrigeración.

Principales métodos:

  • Deslignificación y densificación completa de la madera.
  • Caracterización de la resistencia mecánica (404,3 MPa).
  • Análisis de la retrodispersión de la radiación solar y de las propiedades de emisión en el infrarrojo medio de las nanofibras de celulosa.

Principales resultados:

  • Desarrolló un material estructural con más de ocho veces la fuerza de la madera natural.
  • El material diseñado exhibe un enfriamiento subambiental continuo, día y noche.
  • Ahorro de energía modelado del 20% al 60% en aplicaciones de refrigeración, especialmente en climas cálidos y secos.

Conclusiones:

  • El material de madera de ingeniería ofrece una alternativa sostenible prometedora al enfriamiento convencional.
  • Sus propiedades ópticas únicas permiten el enfriamiento radiativo pasivo.
  • Se proyectan importantes ahorros de energía, especialmente en las regiones áridas, lo que contribuye a la reducción de la demanda mundial de energía.