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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, but it is not always in the direction of motion. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. Although commonly referred to as deceleration, this causes confusion in our analysis as deceleration is not a vector, and does not point to a specific direction with respect to a coordinate system. Therefore, the term deceleration is not used. For example, when a subway train slows down, it...
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The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress
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Condensados hipersónicos de Bose-Einstein en anillos de acelerador

Saurabh Pandey1,2, Hector Mas1,3, Giannis Drougakis1,2

  • 1Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece.

Nature
|June 7, 2019
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores crearon guías de onda de materia controlables para condensados de Bose-Einstein (BEC), lo que permite interferómetros atómicos compactos y sensibles para aplicaciones como el mapeo por gravedad y la navegación inercial.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física atómica, molecular y óptica
  • El control cuántico
  • Física de la materia condensada

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las mediciones de alta precisión a menudo se basan en la interferometría de ondas de materia con nubes atómicas.
  • Los métodos actuales requieren grandes aparatos o entornos de microgravedad para tiempos de interrogatorio extendidos.
  • La cancelación de los efectos gravitacionales promete dispositivos compactos con una mayor sensibilidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Demostrar guías de onda de materia controlables para el transporte de condensados de Bose-Einstein (BEC) a distancias macroscópicas.
  • Permitir dispositivos compactos para mediciones sensibles mediante la extensión de los tiempos de interrogatorio.
  • Para explorar nuevos fenómenos cuánticos y aplicaciones utilizando átomos ultrafríos.

Principales métodos:

  • Transporte de condensados de Bose-Einstein (BEC) mediante un anillo de acelerador de átomos neutros.
  • Lograr velocidades hipersónicas (16 veces la velocidad del sonido) para BEC.
  • Utilizando guías de onda de materia magnética para el transporte de 15 cm mientras se mantiene la coherencia.

Principales resultados:

  • Se han demostrado guías de onda de materia suaves y controlables.
  • Mantener la coherencia interna de las BEC durante el transporte.
  • Logró un momento angular alto (> 40,000 ħ por átomo) y velocidades hipersónicas.
  • Potenciales controlados con una precisión picokelvin.

Conclusiones:

  • Las guías coherentes de onda de materia permiten tiempos de interacción extendidos en dispositivos compactos.
  • Facilita el estudio de la superfluidez, el túnel y los regímenes de transporte en átomos ultrafríos.
  • Abre el camino para los interferómetros atómicos guiados portátiles para la navegación inercial y el mapeo de la gravedad.