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La transmisión social de la inocuidad de los alimentos depende de la plasticidad sináptica en la corteza prefrontal
Michaël Loureiro1, Ridouane Achargui1, Jérôme Flakowski1
1Department of Basic Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 8, 2019
Resumen
Los ratones aprenden la seguridad de los alimentos de otros a través del olfato. La transmisión social de las preferencias alimentarias implica plasticidad sináptica en la corteza prefrontal medial (mPFC), que vincula la percepción olfativa con la acción.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Procesamiento olfativo
- Aprendizaje social
Sus antecedentes:
- Los animales usan señales olfativas y señales sociales para las decisiones de ingesta de alimentos.
- La corteza piriforme (PiC) procesa la información olfativa, y el núcleo accumbens (NAc) está involucrado en el consumo.
- La base neuronal para traducir la percepción olfativa en acciones basadas en valores no se entiende completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el circuito neuronal y los mecanismos celulares subyacentes a la transmisión social de la inocuidad alimentaria.
- Identificar las regiones cerebrales y los procesos sinápticos involucrados en el aprendizaje de la seguridad alimentaria de sus congéneres.
Principales métodos:
- Monitoreo de la actividad neuronal en la corteza prefrontal medial (mPFC) durante la transmisión social de información alimentaria entre ratones.
- Medición de las corrientes postsinápticas excitatorias en las neuronas que proyectan NAc.
- Bloqueo de la transmisión neuronal desde el PiC al mPFC para evaluar su papel.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una mayor actividad neuronal en las neuronas mPFC que se proyectaban hacia el NAc después de la transmisión social de información alimentaria.
- La exposición a una corriente postsináptica potenciada conspecífica en los proyectores NAc.
- La inhibición de la transmisión del PiC al mPFC abolió la transmisión social de la inocuidad de los alimentos.
Conclusiones:
- La plasticidad sináptica en el mPFC sirve como sustrato celular para la transmisión social de la seguridad alimentaria.
- La vía neural de PiC a mPFC a NAc es crítica para este proceso.
- Este estudio aclara cómo las señales olfativas sociales influyen en la aceptación de los alimentos.
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