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Aperturas de ajuste fino de jaulas orgánicas metálicas: encapsulación de dióxido de carbono en solución y estado

Xiang Zhang^1,2, Xia Dong², Weigang Lu¹

¹College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , People's Republic of China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|July 3, 2019

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron jaulas metálicas orgánicas sintonizables para el encapsulado selectivo de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Estas jaulas imitan las funciones biológicas, capturando CO2 bajo presión y liberándolo cuando la presión disminuye.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
Química supramolecular
Ingeniería Química

Sus antecedentes:

Las jaulas metal-orgánicas (MOC) son prometedoras como modelos artificiales para las funciones biológicas, en particular la encapsulación molecular selectiva.
El control preciso de la estructura de MOC y el tamaño de los poros es crucial para las interacciones específicas de las moléculas invitadas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar y sintetizar nuevas jaulas de Ni-imidazolato (Ni14L24) con aberturas ajustables para el encapsulado selectivo de dióxido de carbono (CO2).
Investigar el efecto del tamaño de la abertura y la composición de iones metálicos en las capacidades de captura de CO2.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de jaulas rómbicas dodecaédricas de Ni-imidazolato (Ni14L24) a través de la decoración de ligandos y la hibridación de iones metálicos.
Investigación de la encapsulación de CO2 en estado sólido y en solución bajo condiciones de presión variables.
Estudio comparativo de las jaulas de solo Ni frente a las jaulas heteronucleares de Ni-Cu.

Principales resultados:

Se lograron aperturas sintonizables en las jaulas de Ni14L24, lo que permite el encapsulado selectivo de CO2.
Se observó que el CO2 entraba y salía de las jaulas en solución de metanol en función de los cambios de presión (2,0-3,0 bar).
Se demostró la encapsulación de CO2 en estado sólido bajo altas presiones (15,0-30,0 bar) y condiciones supercríticas.
El reemplazo de Ni2+ por Cu2+ en jaulas heteronucleares abolió la encapsulación de CO2 a pesar de los cambios mínimos en el tamaño de la apertura.

Conclusiones:

Las jaulas metálicas orgánicas con aberturas controladas con precisión pueden encapsular efectivamente el CO2.
La apertura dinámica y la composición de iones metálicos influyen significativamente en el mecanismo de encapsulación de CO2.
Estos hallazgos ofrecen información sobre el diseño de materiales avanzados para aplicaciones de separación y almacenamiento de gases.

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