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Las firmas neuronales del sueño en el pez cebra
Louis C Leung1, Gordon X Wang1, Romain Madelaine1
1Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature
|July 12, 2019
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron dos señales principales de sueño en el pez cebra, el sueño de estallido lento y el sueño de onda propagado, lo que sugiere orígenes antiguos de los patrones de sueño en los vertebrados. La señalización de la hormona que concentra la melanina también influye en el sueño del pez cebra.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Biología Comparada
- Investigación del sueño
Sus antecedentes:
- Las firmas del sueño como el sueño de ondas lentas y el sueño de movimiento rápido de los ojos (REM) se documentan en mamíferos, aves y lagartos.
- No está claro si existen firmas neuronales de sueño similares en vertebrados no amnióticos.
- El pez cebra es un organismo modelo clave para el estudio de la biología de los vertebrados y la neurociencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la presencia y la naturaleza de las firmas del sueño en el pez cebra, un vertebrado no amniótico.
- Para explorar los orígenes evolutivos de los patrones de sueño dentro del linaje de los vertebrados.
- Para identificar las vías moleculares que regulan el sueño en el pez cebra.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de la polisomnografía no invasiva basada en la fluorescencia para el pez cebra.
- Registro imparcial de la actividad cerebral.
- Evaluación simultánea del movimiento ocular, la dinámica muscular y la frecuencia cardíaca.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de al menos dos señales principales de sueño en el pez cebra: el sueño de ráfaga lenta y el sueño de onda de propagación.
- Estas firmas exhiben similitudes con el sueño de ondas lentas de mamíferos y el sueño paradójico (REM), respectivamente.
- La señalización de la hormona de concentración de melanina regula el sueño de onda de propagación y la duración general del sueño en el pez cebra, potencialmente a través de células ependimales.
Conclusiones:
- Las firmas neuronales comunes del sueño probablemente surgieron en el cerebro de los vertebrados hace más de 450 millones de años.
- El pez cebra exhibe patrones complejos de sueño análogos a los que se encuentran en los mamíferos.
- La vía de la hormona que concentra la melanina se conserva en la regulación del sueño en los vertebrados.
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