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Los depredadores no fotosintéticos son hermanos de las algas rojas
Ryan M R Gawryluk1,2, Denis V Tikhonenkov3,4, Elisabeth Hehenberger5,6
1Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ryangawryluk@uvic.ca.
Nature
|July 19, 2019
Resumen
Un filo eucariótico recientemente descubierto, Rhodelphidia, desafía nuestra comprensión de la evolución de las algas rojas (Rhodophyta). Estos organismos son depredadores y flagelados, a diferencia de sus parientes fotosintéticos, lo que sugiere que la mixotropía persistió en los primeros Archaeplastida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Evolución de los eucariotas
- Filogenomía
- Biología de las algas
Sus antecedentes:
- Rhodophyta (algas rojas) son un linaje diverso dentro de Archaeplastida, caracterizado por la fotoautotropía y rasgos derivados como pequeños genomas y falta de flagelos.
- La reconstrucción de la evolución temprana de Archaeplastida es un desafío debido a las diferencias significativas entre los linajes y las relaciones filogenéticas poco claras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir un nuevo filo eucariótico, Rhodelphidia, e investigar su relación filogenética con Rhodophyta.
- Para entender la historia evolutiva de Archaeplastida y los orígenes de las algas rojas.
Principales métodos:
- El análisis filogenómico se utilizó para determinar la ubicación evolutiva de Rhodelphidia.
- Análisis comparativo de las características morfológicas y genómicas entre Rhodelphidia y Rhodophyta.
Principales resultados:
- Rhodelphidia se identifica como un nuevo filo estrechamente relacionado con Rhodophyta.
- Las especies de Rhodelphis exhiben características opuestas a las algas rojas: depredadores no fotosintéticos y flagelados con genomas ricos en genes.
- Es probable que un plástido primario que carece de plástido en Rhodelphis esté involucrado en la síntesis de hemo.
Conclusiones:
- El descubrimiento de Rhodelphidia altera significativamente las opiniones sobre los orígenes de Rhodophyta y la evolución de Archaeplastida.
- La alimentación mixotrófica (predación y fototropía) probablemente persistió más tiempo en la evolución de Archaeplastida de lo que se pensaba anteriormente.
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