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Polimerización en cascada viva controlada para hacer polímeros a base de azúcar totalmente degradables de d-glucosa y
Atanu Bhaumik1, Gregory I Peterson1, Cheol Kang1
1Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 25, 2019
Resumen
Se sintetizaron nuevos polímeros a base de glucosa y galactosa mediante polimerización en cascada controlada. Estos nuevos polímeros de azúcares degradables pueden descomponerse completamente en condiciones ácidas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de los polímeros
- Química de los carbohidratos
- Materiales sostenibles
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de nuevos polímeros a partir de recursos renovables es crucial para la química sostenible.
- Los monómeros derivados del azúcar ofrecen una alternativa biodegradable a las materias primas petroquímicas tradicionales.
- Se necesitan técnicas de polimerización controladas para crear arquitecturas de polímeros bien definidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar nuevos polímeros mediante la incorporación de azúcares abiertos en el anillo en la columna vertebral del polímero.
- Investigar la naturaleza controlada y las características de vida de la polimerización en cascada.
- Evaluar la degradabilidad de los polímeros sintetizados a base de azúcar.
Principales métodos:
- Polimerización en cascada de monómeros derivados de la glucosa y la galactosa que contienen alquenos endocíclicos y alquinas terminales.
- Caracterización del peso molecular y la dispersión del polímero.
- Síntesis de copolímeros de bloque para demostrar la polimerización en vivo.
- Evaluación de la degradación del polímero en condiciones ácidas.
Principales resultados:
- Se logra una polimerización bien controlada, evidenciada por un aumento lineal del peso molecular y una dispersión estrecha.
- Características demostradas de polimerización en vivo a través de la síntesis de copolímero en bloque.
- Los polímeros sintetizados incorporaron con éxito unidades de azúcar con anillo abierto en la columna vertebral.
- Se logra una degradación rápida y completa del polímero en moléculas pequeñas en condiciones ácidas.
Conclusiones:
- La polimerización en cascada proporciona un método controlado para sintetizar nuevos polímeros a base de azúcar.
- Los polímeros resultantes exhiben propiedades ajustables y son totalmente degradables, ofreciendo una solución de material sostenible.
- Estos hallazgos abren caminos para el desarrollo de materiales biodegradables avanzados a partir de recursos renovables de carbohidratos.
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