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Generación y manipulación de estados de gato de Schrödinger en matrices de átomos de Rydberg

A Omran¹, H Levine¹, A Keesling¹

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 10, 2019

Resumen

Los investigadores crearon estados de gato Schrödinger cuánticos frágiles con hasta 20 qubits utilizando matrices de átomos neutros. Este avance hace avanzar el procesamiento de información cuántica y las aplicaciones de metrología cuántica.

Área de la Ciencia:

Física Cuántica
Ciencia de la información cuántica

Sus antecedentes:

El entrelazamiento cuántico, particularmente en estados macroscópicamente distintos, es una característica clave de la teoría cuántica, pero difícil de realizar debido a la fragilidad del estado.
Crear y controlar estados cuánticos complejos como los estados del gato de Schrödinger es crucial para el avance de las tecnologías cuánticas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para demostrar la creación de estados de gato de Schrödinger del tipo Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) con un gran número de qubits.
Mostrar las capacidades de manipulación de entrelazamiento utilizando estos estados para el procesamiento de información cuántica y la metrología.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó un simulador cuántico programable con matrices de átomos neutros.
Interacciones empleadas mediadas por los estados de Rydberg para el control cuántico.
Diseñó el espectro de energía y aplicó un control óptimo al sistema de muchos cuerpos.

Principales resultados:

Se crearon con éxito estados de gato de Schrödinger del tipo GHZ con hasta 20 qubits.
Demostró la distribución del entrelazamiento a sitios distantes dentro de la matriz atómica utilizando estados GHZ.

Conclusiones:

El estudio creó con éxito estados cuánticos complejos de una manera escalable.
La manipulación de entrelazamiento demostrada es vital para el futuro procesamiento de información cuántica y aplicaciones de metrología cuántica.

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