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Los lantibióticos derivados de la microbiota restauran la resistencia contra los enterococos resistentes a la
Sohn G Kim1,2, Simone Becattini1, Thomas U Moody1,3
1Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|August 23, 2019
Resumen
Blautia producta BPSCSK, una bacteria intestinal, produce un lantibiótico que reduce la colonización de Enterococcus faecium (VRE) resistente a la vancomicina. Esta bacteria comensal y su antibiótico son prometedores como probióticos contra las infecciones de ERV.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Gastroenterología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las bacterias comensales intestinales normalmente previenen la colonización por Enterococcus faecium resistente a la vancomicina (VRE).
- El uso de antibióticos puede interrumpir esta barrera, aumentando la susceptibilidad al ERV, una causa común de infecciones adquiridas en el hospital.
- Un consorcio comensal específico, que incluye a Blautia producta BPSCSK, ha demostrado potencial para revertir la susceptibilidad al ERV inducida por antibióticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el mecanismo por el cual la Blautia producta BP inhibe la colonización VRE.
- Para comparar la eficacia de BPSCSK y su lantibiótico secretado contra el ERV in vitro e in vivo.
- Explorar el potencial de los comensales productores de lantibióticos como probióticos para la resistencia al ERV.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó el mecanismo de inhibición de VRE de BPSCSK, identificando un lantibiótico secretado.
- Comparó los efectos in vitro e in vivo de BPSCSK y Lactococcus lactis en el crecimiento y la colonización de ERV.
- Analizó la asociación entre la abundancia de genes lantibióticos y la densidad de E. faecium en muestras de pacientes y ratones libres de gérmenes.
Principales resultados:
- BPSCSK inhibe el ERV mediante la secreción de un antibiótico similar a la nisina-A.
- Mientras que tanto BPSCSK como L. lactis inhiben el ERV in vitro, sólo BPSCSK reduce efectivamente la densidad de ERV in vivo.
- El lantibiótico BPSCSK exhibe una actividad reducida contra las bacterias comensales en comparación con la nisina-A.
- Una alta abundancia de genes lantibióticos en pacientes y ratones se correlaciona con una densidad reducida de ERV.
Conclusiones:
- Las bacterias comensales productoras de antibióticos, como BPSCSK, pueden reducir efectivamente la colonización de ERV en el intestino.
- El lantibiótico derivado de BPSCSK ofrece un enfoque dirigido con menos impacto en la flora intestinal beneficiosa.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan el desarrollo de comensales productores de lantibióticos como probióticos para combatir las infecciones de ERV.
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