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Materiales inteligentes programables que responden a CRISPR
Max A English1,2, Luis R Soenksen2,3,4, Raphael V Gayet1,2,5
1Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 24, 2019
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevos hidrogeles basados en ADN que responden a las señales biológicas utilizando la tecnología CRISPR-Cas12a. Estos materiales inteligentes pueden liberar compuestos, degradarse o actuar como fusibles eléctricos para aplicaciones biotecnológicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los biomateriales
- Biología sintética
- Biotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los materiales sensibles a los estímulos son cruciales para la biotecnología avanzada.
- Las nucleasas asociadas a CRISPR ofrecen programabilidad para la activación del material.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para diseñar hidrogeles basados en ADN accionados por señales biológicas utilizando CRISPR-Cas12a.
- Demostrar diversas aplicaciones in vitro que aprovechan estos biomateriales programables.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando las nucleasas CRISPR-Cas12a para dividir el ADN dentro de las estructuras de hidrogel.
- Incorporación de ADN como elemento estructural o para anclar grupos colgantes en hidrogeles.
- Desarrollo de polietilenglicol ramificado, poliacrilamida de ADN y hidrogeles de ADN con negro de carbono.
Principales resultados:
- Se demostraron cuatro aplicaciones distintas: liberación de fármacos, encapsulación de nanopartículas / células, fusibles eléctricos degradables y válvulas fluídicas.
- Convirtió con éxito la información biológica en cambios medibles en las propiedades del material.
- Demostró la programabilidad de los hidrogeles a través de entradas definidas por ARN guía.
Conclusiones:
- Los hidrogeles basados en ADN accionados por CRISPR-Cas12a representan una plataforma versátil para la biotecnología.
- Estos materiales permiten nuevas aplicaciones in vitro en ingeniería de tejidos, bioelectrónica y diagnóstico.
- La naturaleza programable de estos hidrogeles permite un control preciso de las respuestas del material a las señales biológicas.
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