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La formación de océanos de magma profundo establece el estado de oxidación del manto de la Tierra
Katherine Armstrong1, Daniel J Frost2, Catherine A McCammon1
1Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 31, 2019
Resumen
La atmósfera temprana de la Tierra se volvió más oxidada a medida que el hierro metálico se separaba del núcleo. Este proceso también explica el interior rico en carbono del planeta al permitir que el dióxido de carbono precipite como diamante.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geoquímica
- Ciencias planetarias
- Física de los minerales a alta presión
Sus antecedentes:
- La composición atmosférica de la Tierra está vinculada al estado redox del manto.
- La oxidación del manto aumentó después de que comenzara la formación del núcleo.
- Comprender la evolución química temprana de la Tierra es clave para los orígenes atmosféricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la evolución redox del manto de la Tierra y su impacto en la composición atmosférica.
- Para determinar el comportamiento del hierro en un océano de magma profundo bajo alta presión.
- Para explicar el origen de la atmósfera oxidada de la Tierra y el interior rico en carbono.
Principales métodos:
- Simulando las condiciones del océano de magma profundo usando experimentos de alta presión.
- El análisis de la desproporción del hierro ferroso (Fe2+) a presiones extremas.
- Investigando la separación del hierro metálico del océano de magma.
Principales resultados:
- El hierro ferroso (Fe2+) se desproporciona en hierro férrico (Fe3+) y hierro metálico a altas presiones.
- La separación del hierro metálico en el núcleo aumentó el estado de oxidación del manto.
- Los volátiles de desgasificación formaron especies atmosféricas más oxidadas.
- Un gradiente redox en el océano de magma facilitó la precipitación de CO2 como diamante.
Conclusiones:
- La evolución redox del manto durante la acreción influyó significativamente en la composición de la atmósfera terrestre.
- La separación del hierro metálico en el núcleo es un factor crítico en la oxidación atmosférica.
- Los gradientes redox del océano de magma explican tanto la oxidación atmosférica como el secuestro profundo de carbono como diamante.
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