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La lava Kīlauea alimenta el florecimiento del fitoplancton en el Océano Pacífico Norte

Samuel T Wilson¹, Nicholas J Hawco², E Virginia Armbrust³

¹Department of Oceanography, Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE), University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. stwilson@hawaii.edu hawco@usc.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 7, 2019

Resumen

La erupción de Kīlauea de 2018 fertilizó el océano con lava, causando floraciones de fitoplancton. Los niveles inesperadamente altos de nitrato, de las aguas profundas del océano, alimentaron esta respuesta del ecosistema marino.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología marina
La oceanografía
Volcanología

Sus antecedentes:

La erupción de Kīlauea de 2018 liberó grandes cantidades de lava en el Océano Pacífico.
El giro subtropical del Pacífico Norte es típicamente pobre en nutrientes, lo que limita el crecimiento del fitoplancton.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el impacto de la lava volcánica en los ecosistemas marinos.
Para entender la fuente de nutrientes que estimulan el crecimiento del fitoplancton.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de la química del agua de mar impactada por la lava.
Análisis molecular para identificar las respuestas biológicas.
Detección por satélite de las plumas de clorofila a.

Principales resultados:

Se encontraron altas concentraciones de metales y nutrientes en el agua de mar impactada por la lava.
Se observó un crecimiento significativo del fitoplancton, indicado por la clorofila a.
Se detectaron niveles de nitrato inesperadamente altos, cruciales para la respuesta biológica.

Conclusiones:

La entrada de lava volcánica puede causar la fertilización del océano a gran escala.
El surgimiento de aguas profundas y ricas en nutrientes, provocado por la lava, explica las altas concentraciones de nitrato.
Este evento proporciona información sobre las respuestas de los ecosistemas marinos a las aportaciones de nutrientes.

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