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Las áreas silvestres reducen a la mitad el riesgo de extinción de la biodiversidad terrestre

Moreno Di Marco^1,2, Simon Ferrier³, Tom D Harwood³

¹CSIRO Land and Water, Dutton Park EcoSciences Precinct, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. moreno.dimarco@gmail.com.

|September 20, 2019

Resumen

La protección de las áreas silvestres restantes es crucial para la conservación de la biodiversidad mundial. Estos hábitats vitales son un amortiguador contra la pérdida de especies, pero las áreas más críticas están actualmente desprotegidas y requieren esfuerzos urgentes de conservación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Biología de la conservación
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

La pérdida global de biodiversidad es un desafío significativo con consecuencias irreversibles para la humanidad.
La degradación del ecosistema y la extinción de especies están bien documentadas, pero el papel de las áreas silvestres en la mitigación es poco estudiado.
Las áreas silvestres restantes son críticas para amortiguar la pérdida de especies.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para modelar la probabilidad de persistencia de la biodiversidad.
Evaluar el papel de las áreas silvestres en la mitigación de la crisis mundial de biodiversidad.
Identificar las áreas silvestres clave esenciales para la agenda internacional de conservación.

Principales métodos:

Modelación de la probabilidad de persistencia de la biodiversidad mediante la integración de la condición del hábitat y la composición espacial de las especies.
Comparar los riesgos de extinción entre las especies en las comunidades silvestres y no silvestres.
Identificar las áreas silvestres con la mayor contribución relativa a la persistencia de la biodiversidad en todos los continentes.

Principales resultados:

Las áreas silvestres reducen significativamente el riesgo de extinción de especies, y las especies en estas áreas enfrentan menos de la mitad del riesgo en comparación con las áreas no silvestres.
Se identificaron áreas silvestres clave que contribuyen más a la persistencia de la biodiversidad en todos los continentes.
Estas áreas silvestres de alto impacto están alarmantemente mal protegidas.

Conclusiones:

La conservación de las áreas silvestres restantes es esencial para la agenda internacional de conservación.
Se necesita con urgencia una protección específica de las zonas silvestres poco protegidas y de alto impacto.
Los esfuerzos de conservación deben dar prioridad a la protección de la naturaleza junto con la restauración de entornos degradados para garantizar la persistencia de la biodiversidad a largo plazo.

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