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Grandes efectos electrocalóricos en condensadores multicapa de óxido en un amplio rango de temperaturas

B Nair¹, T Usui², S Crossley¹

¹Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

|October 10, 2019

Resumen

Los nuevos materiales electrocalóricos ofrecen cambios de temperatura significativos para las bombas de calor avanzadas. Los condensadores multicapa de alta calidad logran cambios de temperatura de 5,5 K cerca de la temperatura ambiente, mejorando las tecnologías magnetocalóricas y electrocalóricas existentes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Física del estado sólido
Ciencias de los materiales
La termodinámica

Sus antecedentes:

Las bombas de calor utilizan efectos magnetocalóricos y electrocalóricos para el enfriamiento, impulsados por campos magnéticos y eléctricos, respectivamente.
Los prototipos actuales están limitados por pequeños cambios de temperatura (< 3 K) en los cuerpos de trabajo, lo que dificulta el rendimiento práctico.
Las tecnologías existentes se basan en imanes permanentes o altos voltajes, lo que plantea desafíos de costo y volumen.

Objetivo del estudio:

Demostrar un nuevo material electrocalórico para mejorar el rendimiento de la bomba de calor.
Para investigar el efecto electrocalórico en condensadores multicapa de PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3.
Explorar el potencial de reutilizar los diseños de bombas de calor con materiales electrocalóricos avanzados.

Principales métodos:

Fabricación de condensadores multicapa de alta calidad utilizando PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3.
Aplicación de campos eléctricos supercríticos (29,0 V/μm) por encima de la temperatura de Curie (290 K) para impulsar las transiciones de fase ferroeléctricas.
Verificación del comportamiento de la transición de fase utilizando la teoría de Landau.
Medición de los cambios de temperatura en el área central del condensador.

Principales resultados:

Los condensadores PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3 exhiben grandes efectos electrocalóricos en un amplio rango de temperaturas.
Los cambios máximos de temperatura alcanzan los 5,5 K cerca de la temperatura ambiente.
Se observan cambios de temperatura superiores a 3 K en un intervalo de 176 K.
Se confirma la conducción supercrítica de la transición de fase ferroeléctrica de primer orden.

Conclusiones:

Los condensadores multicapa de alta calidad de PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3 muestran efectos electrocalóricos significativos.
Estos materiales ofrecen una alternativa prometedora a los cuerpos de trabajo magnetocalóricos y electrocalóricos actuales.
La reutilización de los diseños de bombas de calor magnetocalóricas existentes con estos condensadores podría conducir a un mejor rendimiento sin imanes voluminosos.

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