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Las bacterias filamentosas segmentadas previenen y curan la infección por rotavirus

Zhenda Shi¹, Jun Zou¹, Zhan Zhang¹

¹Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

|October 15, 2019

Resumen

Las bacterias filamentosas segmentadas (SFB) protegen a los ratones de la infección por rotavirus (RV) y la diarrea. Esta protección microbiana ocurre independientemente del sistema inmunológico del huésped, lo que sugiere la neutralización directa del virus.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología
Inmunología
Gastroenterología

Sus antecedentes:

La microbiota intestinal juega un papel en la defensa del huésped contra los patógenos entéricos.
La infección por rotavirus (RV) causa una enfermedad diarreica significativa, generalmente eliminada por la inmunidad adaptativa.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para identificar los microbios intestinales específicos que confieren resistencia a la infección por rotavirus.
Para aclarar los mecanismos por los que estos microbios protegen contra RV.

Principales métodos:

Generación de ratones inmunodeficientes resistentes al RV.
Trasplante de microbiota fecal y experimentos de co-vivienda.
Análisis del microbioma y ensayos de infectividad in vitro.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó que las bacterias filamentosas segmentadas (SFB, por sus siglas en inglés) eran suficientes para conferir resistencia al RV.
La protección mediada por SFB fue independiente del interferón, IL-17 e IL-22.
La colonización de SFB alteró la expresión génica del huésped y aceleró la rotación de células epiteliales, con evidencia de neutralización directa de RV.

Conclusiones:

Las bacterias filamentosas segmentadas (SFB) proporcionan protección contra la infección por rotavirus y la diarrea.
Esta protección está mediada por mecanismos independientes de la inmunidad adaptativa, incluida la neutralización viral directa.
Los SFB representan un nuevo objetivo terapéutico para la prevención de infecciones virales entéricas.

Palabras clave:

trasplante fecal ratones libres de gérmenes diarrea infecciosa Interacciones entre la microbiota y los virus el rotavirus bacterias filamentosas segmentadas Gastroenteritis por el virus

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