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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
Published on: June 26, 2014
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Hepatitis C y otras enfermedades
C Wendy Spearman1, Geoffrey M Dusheiko2, Margaret Hellard3
1Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2019
Resumen
El virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo, con un diagnóstico y tratamiento limitados que dificultan los esfuerzos de eliminación. Ampliar el acceso a diagnósticos y terapias curativas es crucial para lograr los objetivos de la OMS para 2030.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La infección por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) es un problema de salud mundial significativo, con aproximadamente 71,1 millones de personas infectadas crónicamente.
- La transmisión del VHC ocurre principalmente a través de la exposición a la sangre percutánea, con grupos de alto riesgo que incluyen personas que se inyectan drogas, hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres y prisioneros.
- La infección crónica por el VHC puede provocar complicaciones graves como cirrosis, insuficiencia hepática y carcinoma hepatocelular en un plazo de 20 a 30 años.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar la carga global de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C.
- Para enfatizar la brecha en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del VHC.
- Subrayar la importancia de los diagnósticos accesibles y de la terapia antiviral pangenotípica de acción directa para la eliminación del VHC.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos epidemiológicos de la incidencia y prevalencia globales del VHC.
- Revisión de las vías de transmisión y poblaciones de alto riesgo para el VHC.
- Evaluación de las tasas actuales de diagnóstico y uso del tratamiento para el VHC.
Principales resultados:
- En 2015, la incidencia mundial del VHC fue de 23,7 por cada 100.000 habitantes, con 1,75 millones de nuevas infecciones.
- Los genotipos 1, 3 y 4 del VHC son los más prevalentes a nivel mundial.
- Sólo el 20% de las personas con hepatitis C son conscientes de su diagnóstico, y sólo el 15% de los diagnosticados han recibido tratamiento.
Conclusiones:
- A pesar de las terapias antivirales curativas de acción directa, persisten importantes obstáculos para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento.
- Lograr los objetivos de eliminación del VHC de 2030 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud requiere un mayor diagnóstico y vinculación con la atención.
- El acceso universal a diagnósticos asequibles en el punto de atención y a la terapia antiviral pangenotípica de acción directa es esencial para la erradicación del VHC.
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