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Cáncer colorrectal

Evelien Dekker1, Pieter J Tanis2, Jasper L A Vleugels3

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2019
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El cáncer colorrectal es una de las principales causas de muerte por cáncer. La detección temprana a través de programas de detección mejora los resultados, aunque los tratamientos avanzados ofrecen una mejor supervivencia para la enfermedad metastásica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • En el campo de la oncología
  • Salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La incidencia y la mortalidad por cáncer colorrectal han aumentado a nivel mundial.
  • Los factores de riesgo incluyen el envejecimiento, la dieta, la obesidad, la inactividad y el tabaquismo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para revisar el panorama actual del cáncer colorrectal.
  • Para resaltar los avances en el tratamiento y la importancia del cribado.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura sobre la fisiopatología del cáncer colorrectal, los factores de riesgo y las modalidades de tratamiento.
  • Análisis de los datos de supervivencia y el impacto de los programas de cribado.

Principales resultados:

  • Los nuevos tratamientos han mejorado la supervivencia general para el cáncer colorrectal avanzado a 3 años.
  • La supervivencia sigue siendo significativamente mejor para la enfermedad sin metástasis.

Conclusiones:

  • La detección temprana mediante el cribado organizado es crucial para reducir la morbilidad y la mortalidad por cáncer colorrectal.
  • Las estrategias de tratamiento multimodal son esenciales para el manejo de la enfermedad tanto local como avanzada.