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La palmitoilación de NOD1 y NOD2 es necesaria para la detección bacteriana

Yan Lu^1,2, Yuping Zheng¹, Étienne Coyaud³

¹Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Pathology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 26, 2019

Resumen

Los receptores tipo dominio de oligomerización de nucleótidos (NOD) 1 y 2 (NOD1/2) requieren S-palmitoilación para el reclutamiento de la membrana y la señalización inmune. Esta modificación, mediada por ZDHHC5, es crucial para responder a los peptidoglicanos bacterianos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología
Biología celular
Biología molecular

Sus antecedentes:

Los receptores 1 y 2 similares al dominio de oligomerización de nucleótidos (NOD) (NOD1/2) son proteínas de reconocimiento de patrones intracelulares.
La activación de NOD1/ 2 es esencial para las respuestas inmunes contra los peptidoglicanos microbianos.
El reclutamiento de la membrana es crítico para la señalización NOD1/2, y los defectos están relacionados con enfermedades inflamatorias.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes al reclutamiento de NOD1/2 en las membranas intracelulares.
Identificar las modificaciones postraslacionales y las enzimas involucradas en la localización de la membrana NOD1/2.
Determinar la importancia funcional del reclutamiento de NOD1/2 en la señalización inmune.

Principales métodos:

Se investigó el papel de la S-palmitiolación en el reclutamiento y la señalización de la membrana NOD1/2.
Se identificó la palmitoiltransferasa responsable de la NOD1/2 S-palmitoylación mediante ensayos bioquímicos.
Se analizaron las mutaciones NOD2 asociadas a la enfermedad para detectar defectos en la palmitoilación S.

Principales resultados:

Se encontró que la NOD1/ 2 S- palmitoilación es esencial para su reclutamiento en las membranas intracelulares.
ZDHHC5 fue identificado como la palmitoiltransferasa específica que cataliza la NOD1/2 S-palmitoylación.
Varias mutaciones NOD2 relacionadas con condiciones inflamatorias alteraron la palmitoilación S.

Conclusiones:

La palmitoilación S mediada por ZDHHC5 es una modificación posttranslacional crítica para la función NOD1/2.
Esta modificación es necesaria para la correcta localización de la membrana, el reconocimiento del peptidoglicano y las respuestas inmunes efectivas.
La palmitoilación S defectuosa de NOD1/2 puede contribuir a enfermedades inflamatorias.

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