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La microbiota y el cerebro social
Eoin Sherwin1, Seth R Bordenstein2, John L Quinn3
1APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 2, 2019
Resumen
La microbiota intestinal influye en los comportamientos sociales en los animales, impactando la comunicación y potencialmente la evolución de la sociabilidad. Comprender estas interacciones huésped-micróbio puede ofrecer nuevas terapias para trastornos sociales humanos como los trastornos del espectro autista.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- La neurociencia
- Ecología del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La sociabilidad ofrece beneficios como la cooperación pero también riesgos de agresión.
- La microbiota intestinal es cada vez más reconocida por su papel en el desarrollo neurológico y el comportamiento del huésped.
- Las interacciones huésped-micróbio pueden haber dado forma a la evolución de los comportamientos sociales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar la influencia de la microbiota gastrointestinal en los comportamientos sociales.
- Comprender el papel de las interacciones huésped-microbio en la evolución de la sociabilidad.
- Identificar posibles objetivos terapéuticos para los trastornos sociales humanos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura científica existente sobre la microbiota y el comportamiento social.
- Análisis de estudios que investigan el eje intestino-cerebro en modelos animales.
- Examen de las pruebas de la influencia microbiana en la comunicación animal.
Principales resultados:
- La microbiota intestinal puede influir en el desarrollo neurológico y la programación del comportamiento social.
- La microbiota juega un papel en la facilitación de la comunicación entre los miembros de la misma especie en ciertas especies.
- Las interacciones huésped-micróbio están implicadas en las vías evolutivas de los comportamientos sociales.
Conclusiones:
- La microbiota gastrointestinal tiene un impacto significativo en los comportamientos sociales del huésped.
- La investigación adicional sobre las interacciones entre la microbiota y el cerebro es crucial para comprender la sociabilidad.
- Este campo es prometedor para las nuevas estrategias terapéuticas para los trastornos sociales, incluidos los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA).
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