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Una nueva ciencia del siglo XXI para una respuesta eficaz a las epidemias
Juliet Bedford1, Jeremy Farrar2, Chikwe Ihekweazu3
1Anthrologica, Oxford, UK.
Nature
|November 8, 2019
Resumen
Las epidemias están aumentando debido a los cambios ambientales y sociales. Debemos pasar de la respuesta al brote a un ciclo integrado de preparación, respuesta y recuperación, integrando la experiencia global para una mejor prevención y control de la epidemia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global
- Epidemiología
- Política de salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cambios ecológicos, la urbanización, el cambio climático, el aumento de los viajes y los sistemas de salud pública vulnerables están aumentando la frecuencia y la complejidad de las epidemias.
- Los enfoques actuales a menudo se centran en respuestas discretas a brotes, que son insuficientes para la evolución de las amenazas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Abogar por una conceptualización evolucionada de la gestión de la epidemia.
- Proponer un cambio de respuesta a las crisis por brotes discretos a un ciclo integrado de preparación, respuesta y recuperación.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis conceptual y síntesis de los enfoques interdisciplinarios.
- El énfasis en la colaboración global, incluidas las comunidades en riesgo y afectadas.
- Integración de diversos campos como la epidemiología, las ciencias sociales, la I+D, la diplomacia, la logística y la gestión de crisis.
Principales resultados:
- El modelo actual de respuesta a las epidemias es insuficiente para los desafíos futuros.
- Es necesario un ciclo integrado de preparación, respuesta y recuperación.
- La colaboración multidisciplinaria y global es esencial para una gestión eficaz de la epidemia.
Conclusiones:
- El concepto de gestión de las epidemias debe pasar a un ciclo continuo e integrado.
- La prevención y el control efectivos de las epidemias requieren un enfoque holístico, coordinado a nivel mundial e interdisciplinario.
- La formación de futuros líderes en un marco integral es crucial para mejorar la seguridad sanitaria mundial.
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