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Los súper emisores de metano de California

Riley M Duren^1,2, Andrew K Thorpe³, Kelsey T Foster³

¹Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. Riley.M.Duren@jpl.nasa.gov.

|November 8, 2019

Resumen

California también.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del medio ambiente
Química de la atmósfera
Detección remota

Sus antecedentes:

El metano es un potente gas de efecto invernadero, y su mitigación es una prioridad mundial.
Los emisores de metano de fuente puntual son significativos pero están mal caracterizados.
Los datos precisos sobre las emisiones de metano son cruciales para las estrategias eficaces de mitigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para cuantificar las emisiones de metano en toda la infraestructura de California.
Identificar y localizar los principales emisores de metano mediante la teledetección aérea.
Evaluar la contribución de las fuentes puntuales al inventario total de metano del estado.

Principales métodos:

Realizó cinco encuestas de espectrómetro de imágenes aéreas entre 2016 y 2018.
Mapeado más de 272.000 elementos de infraestructura en los sectores de petróleo y gas, estiércol y residuos.
Detectado, geolocalizado y cuantificado columnas de metano de 564 fuentes puntuales fuertes.

Principales resultados:

Se estima que las emisiones netas de metano de origen puntual ascienden a 0,618 Tg/año, lo que representa el 34-46% del inventario de California en 2016.
Se identificó que el 10% de las fuentes puntuales contribuyen con ~60% de las emisiones totales de fuentes puntuales.
Se encontraron vertederos, lecherías y sectores de petróleo y gas como emisores dominantes, siendo los vertederos los más grandes.

Conclusiones:

La teledetección aérea proporciona datos de alta resolución para la evaluación de las emisiones de metano.
Una pequeña fracción de la infraestructura es responsable de una proporción desproporcionadamente grande de las emisiones de metano.
El intercambio de datos facilitó la mitigación de las emisiones anómalas de metano en California.

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