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The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...
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The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
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During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
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Transporte de electrones dependiente del espín a través de conductos de electrones multihemos de la superficie de la

Suryakant Mishra1, Sahand Pirbadian2, Amit Kumar Mondal1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100 , Israel.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
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PubMed
Resumen

El transporte de electrones a través de los citocromos de la membrana externa bacteriana es selectivo por espín, un hallazgo con implicaciones para el metabolismo energético microbiano y los dispositivos bioelectrónicos. Esta selectividad de espín influye en el flujo de electrones a través de las interfaces biótico-abióticas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La electroquímica microbiana y la bioenergética
  • Biofísica de la transferencia de electrones
  • Los nanomateriales y la biosensorización

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los citocromos multihemos de membrana externa bacteriana facilitan la transferencia de electrones extracelulares a largas distancias (> 10 nm).
  • Estos citocromos vinculan el metabolismo intracelular con los aceptores de electrones externos como los minerales o los electrodos.
  • La selectividad de espín inducida por quiral (CIS) es un mecanismo propuesto para el transporte eficiente de electrones dependientes de espín en biomoléculas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar si la selectividad del espín influye en el transporte de electrones en conductos de electrones extracelulares bacterianos.
  • Explorar el papel de la selectividad de espín inducida quiral en la función de los citocromos decahemos MtrF y OmcA.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó microscopía de fuerza atómica de sonda conductiva magnética.
  • Se han realizado mediciones de la tensión Hall.
  • Se realizó electroquímica dependiente del espín en MtrF y OmcA purificados de *Shewanella oneidensis* MR-1.

Principales resultados:

  • Se ha demostrado que el transporte de electrones a través de los citocromos decahemos MtrF y OmcA es selectivo para el espín.
  • Proporcionó evidencia experimental para la transferencia de electrones dependiente del espín en estos conductos extracelulares microbianos.

Conclusiones:

  • La transferencia extracelular de electrones mediada por citocromos bacterianos exhibe una selectividad de espín inducida quiral.
  • Los hallazgos sugieren que las interacciones dependientes del espín y los campos magnéticos pueden controlar el transporte de electrones en las interfaces biótico-abióticas.
  • Implicaciones para comprender la respiración microbiana y desarrollar nuevas tecnologías bioelectrónicas.