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Determining the Ice-binding Planes of Antifreeze Proteins by Fluorescence-based Ice Plane Affinity
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La sinergia entre las proteínas anticongelantes es impulsada por la unión complementaria de hielo

Tehilla Berger1, Konrad Meister2, Arthur L DeVries3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Yeshiva University , New York , New York 10016 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 12, 2019
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Resumen

Las proteínas anticongelantes (AFP) pueden trabajar juntas sinérgicamente para inhibir el crecimiento del hielo. Este estudio revela que la sinergia ocurre cuando diferentes tipos de AFP se unen a planos de cristales de hielo distintos, lo que explica su distribución en organismos adaptados al frío.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La biofísica
  • Criobiología
  • Biología molecular

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los organismos adaptados al frío poseen múltiples isoformas de anticongelante (glicoproteína) (AFGP) con diferentes actividades de inhibición del hielo.
  • Las mezclas de AFP pueden exhibir una mejora sinérgica, pero el mecanismo subyacente sigue sin estar claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Elucidar el mecanismo de inhibición sinérgica del crecimiento del hielo por mezclas de AF(G) P.
  • Para correlacionar el comportamiento de unión de AFP con efectos sinérgicos o antagónicos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó microscopía en fase fría, microfluídica y microscopía de fluorescencia para estudiar mezclas binarias de AF(G) Ps.
  • Actividad de inhibición del crecimiento del hielo de mezclas de AF(G) P de diversas especies.
  • Visualización de la unión de AFP a los planos de los cristales de hielo utilizando isoformas etiquetadas diferencialmente.

Principales resultados:

  • Varias mezclas de AF(G) P mostraron inhibición sinérgica del crecimiento del hielo, mientras que otras exhibieron antagonismo debido a la competencia por los sitios de unión.
  • Las mezclas sinérgicas involucraron la unión de AF(G) P a diferentes planos de cristal de hielo.
  • Se desarrolló un modelo cinético, que indica que las isoformas activas se unen rápidamente a los planos de prisma, promoviendo la unión de isoformas pasivas a los planos piramidal.

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio proporciona un mecanismo cinético para la sinergia AF(G) P, explicando cómo las isoformas activas y pasivas cooperan para mejorar la inhibición del hielo.
  • Los resultados ayudan a explicar la distribución biológica de las isoformas de AF(G) P en los peces.
  • Esta investigación aclara la química física detrás de la inhibición del crecimiento sinérgico de los cristales de hielo por múltiples inhibidores.