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Las neuronas nociceptoras que innervan el intestino regulan las células del parche de Peyer y los niveles de SFB para
Nicole Y Lai1, Melissa A Musser2, Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro1
1Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|December 10, 2019
Resumen
Las neuronas sensoriales nociceptoras, que detectan el dolor, defienden críticamente el intestino contra la infección por Salmonella. Estas neuronas regulan los microbios intestinales y las células especializadas, limitando la entrada y propagación de patógenos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Inmunología
- Microbiología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las neuronas sensoriales nociceptoras que inervan el intestino inician respuestas protectoras a estímulos nocivos.
- El papel de estas neuronas en las infecciones entéricas sigue siendo en gran medida incierto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de las neuronas nociceptoras en la defensa del huésped contra la infección por Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm).
Principales métodos:
- Estudió los efectos de los ganglios nociceptores de la raíz dorsal en la colonización, invasión y diseminación de STM.
- Se analizó la regulación de las células microfold (M) y las bacterias filamentosas segmentadas (SFB) por los nociceptores.
- Investigó la respuesta de los nociceptores TRPV1+ al STm y la liberación del péptido relacionado con el gen de la calcitonina (CGRP).
Principales resultados:
- Las neuronas nociceptoras median críticamente la defensa del huésped contra STm.
- Los nociceptores regulan la densidad de las células M en el epitelio asociado al parche de Peyer, limitando la entrada de STm.
- Los nociceptores mantienen los niveles de SFB, que confieren resistencia a la infección por STm.
- Los nociceptores TRPV1+ liberan CGRP en respuesta al STm, modulando las células M y el SFB.
Conclusiones:
- Las neuronas sensoriales nociceptoras juegan un papel crucial en la detección y defensa contra patógenos entéricos como el STM.
- Estos hallazgos revelan un nuevo mecanismo de defensa del huésped que involucra el sistema nervioso y la microbiota intestinal.
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