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Propiedades generadoras de chispas de los geles de electrodos utilizados durante la desfibrilación. Un peligro
R S Hummel1, J P Ornato, S M Weinberg
1Division of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298.
JAMA
|November 25, 1988
Resumen
Los geles de electrodos con alta impedancia eléctrica pueden sobrecalentarse, licuarse y encenderse durante la desfibrilación. Los geles de baja impedancia son más seguros para aplicaciones médicas de alta corriente. Se necesitan nuevas normas federales para identificar geles de electrodos seguros.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Seguridad de los Dispositivos Médicos.
- Ingeniería Biomédica Ingeniería Biomédica.
- Seguridad eléctrica en el cuidado de la salud.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los intentos de desfibrilación pueden plantear riesgos de incendio en ambientes enriquecidos con oxígeno.
- Los geles de electrodos son cruciales para una conducción eléctrica efectiva durante la desfibrilación.
- Los incidentes anteriores ponen de relieve la necesidad de evaluar las propiedades del gel para la seguridad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar el potencial generador de chispas de los geles de electrodos de uso común.
- Para determinar la relación entre la impedancia del gel del electrodo y las propiedades de la descarga eléctrica.
- Informar el desarrollo de normas de seguridad para los geles de electrodos de desfibrilación.
Principales métodos:
- Se probaron siete geles de electrodos populares utilizando repetidas descargas eléctricas de 360-J.
- Las pruebas se llevaron a cabo en una carga de 50 ohmios en un entorno simulado de unidad de cuidados intensivos.
- Los parámetros clave medidos incluyeron la impedancia inicial, el flujo de corriente, la temperatura y la generación de chispas.
Principales resultados:
- Los geles con baja impedancia inicial (7 ± 1 Ω) soportaban una alta corriente (51 ± 1 A), permanecían fríos (27 33 ° C) y no se encendían.
- Los geles con alta impedancia inicial (125 ± 14 Ω) exhibieron una corriente más baja (26 ± 2 A), se calentaron significativamente (52 ± 2 °C), se licuaron y se encendieron después de 4 5 descargas.
- La generación de chispas se correlacionó directamente con una mayor impedancia inicial y el calentamiento posterior.
Conclusiones:
- La impedancia del gel de electrodo es un factor crítico para prevenir las chispas durante la desfibrilación.
- Los geles de alta impedancia representan un riesgo de seguridad significativo debido al sobrecalentamiento y la ignición potencial.
- Se recomienda el desarrollo de estándares federales para etiquetar geles de electrodos seguros para aplicaciones de alta corriente.
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