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Sobre el impacto y el vulcanismo a través del límite Cretácico-Paleógeno

Pincelli M Hull¹, André Bornemann², Donald E Penman³

¹Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. pincelli.hull@yale.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 18, 2020

Resumen

La extinción masiva de finales del Cretácico fue causada principalmente por un impacto de bólido, no por el vulcanismo. El impacto desencadenó cambios en el ciclo del carbono, mitigando el calentamiento global extremo del volcanismo posterior.

Área de la Ciencia:

Paleontología
Ciencias del clima
Geología

Sus antecedentes:

Se debate la causa de la extinción masiva de finales del Cretácico, con el impacto del bólido y el vulcanismo basáltico de inundación como posibles impulsores.
Existe incertidumbre con respecto al momento de estos eventos y sus mecanismos específicos de extinción.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para determinar la importancia relativa del impacto del bólido frente al vulcanismo en la extinción masiva de finales del Cretácico.
Limitar el momento de la desgasificación volcánica y su relación con el evento de impacto y extinción.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó el modelado del ciclo del carbono para analizar posibles escenarios climáticos.
Registros de paleotemperatura integrados para establecer líneas de tiempo de eventos geológicos.

Principales resultados:

La evidencia sugiere que la mayor desgasificación volcanogénica ocurrió mucho antes del impacto del bólido.
El impacto del bólido coincidió con la extinción masiva y las perturbaciones significativas del ciclo del carbono.
La absorción de dióxido de carbono oceánico, impulsada por cambios en el ciclo del carbono relacionados con la extinción, limitó el calentamiento global del vulcanismo posterior a la extinción.

Conclusiones:

El impacto del bólido, no el vulcanismo, fue el principal impulsor de la extinción masiva de finales del Cretácico.
Los efectos del impacto en el ciclo del carbono jugaron un papel crucial en la moderación del cambio climático.

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