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Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics
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La anestesia general desacopla las neuronas piramidal corticales

Mototaka Suzuki1, Matthew E Larkum1

  • 1NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Institute for Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

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|February 22, 2020
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La anestesia general interrumpe selectivamente la señalización de retroalimentación cerebral al impactar en las dendritas apicales en las neuronas. Este hallazgo explica cómo la anestesia suprime la conciencia y por qué la percepción depende de la conectividad cerebral.

Palabras clave:
Acetilcolina y sus derivadosla anestesiala concienciaLa cortezalas dendritasreceptores metabotrópicos del glutamatoLas neuronasOptogenéticael tálamo

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia
  • Anestesiología
  • Biología celular

Sus antecedentes:

  • La anestesia general suprime selectivamente la conciencia al interrumpir las señales de retroalimentación del cerebro.
  • Los mecanismos celulares precisos que subyacen a esta interrupción selectiva siguen siendo desconocidos.
  • Comprender este mecanismo es crucial para comprender la conciencia y la anestesia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar los mecanismos celulares por los cuales la anestesia general interrumpe la señal de retroalimentación en el cerebro.
  • Para determinar si diferentes anestésicos comparten una influencia disruptiva común en la señalización neuronal.
  • Para aclarar el papel de las dendritas apicales en la interrupción de la conciencia inducida por la anestesia.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó la optogenética para despolarizar las dendritas apicales distales en las neuronas piramidales de la capa cortical 5 en ratones.
  • Se le administraron tres anestésicos diferentes para observar sus efectos en la señalización neuronal.
  • Se investigó el impacto del bloqueo del glutamato metabotrópico y de los receptores colinérgicos.

Principales resultados:

  • Tres anestésicos distintos demostraron un efecto perturbador compartido en la señalización a lo largo de las dendritas apicales.
  • La anestesia bloqueó el robusto pico en el cuerpo celular que ocurrió con la despolarización optogenética de las dendritas apicales distales.
  • El bloqueo del glutamato metabotrópico y los receptores colinérgicos imitaban los efectos de la anestesia en el desacoplamiento de la dendrita apical.

Conclusiones:

  • Las dendritas apicales son un objetivo celular clave para los efectos perturbadores de la conciencia de la anestesia general.
  • Los hallazgos sugieren un mecanismo celular que explica la supresión selectiva de la señal de retroalimentación de la anestesia.
  • Esta investigación pone de relieve el papel crítico de la señalización de la dendrita apical en la percepción consciente y la conectividad tálamo-cortical.