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Efectos metabólicos de la pérdida y recuperación de peso repetida en luchadores adolescentes
S N Steen1, R A Oppliger, K D Brownell
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
JAMA
|July 1, 1988
Resumen
El ciclismo de pesas en luchadores adolescentes está relacionado con una menor tasa metabólica en reposo, lo que indica una menor necesidad de energía. Este hallazgo sugiere que la pérdida y recuperación de peso repetida puede alterar el metabolismo en los atletas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina del Deporte Medicina del Deporte Medicina de los Deportes
- Fisiología Humana Fisiología Humana.
- Investigación Metabólica de Investigación.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se sabe que la restricción de energía disminuye la tasa metabólica en reposo.
- La pérdida de peso repetida y los ciclos de recuperación pueden mejorar la eficiencia alimentaria en los animales.
- Los luchadores a menudo participan en ciclismo de peso para cumplir con los requisitos de peso de la competencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre el ciclismo de peso y la tasa metabólica en reposo en luchadores adolescentes.
- Para probar la hipótesis de que la pérdida de peso repetida y la recuperación están asociadas con la reducción de los requisitos de energía.
Principales métodos:
- Veintisiete luchadores adolescentes fueron categorizados en ciclismo de peso y grupos de no ciclismo.
- La tasa metabólica en reposo se midió mediante calorimetría indirecta.
- La composición corporal se evaluó a través de mediciones de pliegues cutáneos.
Principales resultados:
- No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ciclistas y no ciclistas en cuanto a edad, peso, estatura, superficie corporal, masa corporal magra o porcentaje de grasa corporal.
- Los ciclistas exhibieron una tasa metabólica media de reposo significativamente más baja en comparación con los no ciclistas (154,6 vs 177,2 kJ/m2/h).
- Se observó una diferencia del 14% en el gasto de energía en reposo entre los grupos (6631.8 frente a 7702.8 kJ/d).
Conclusiones:
- El ciclismo de pesas en luchadores adolescentes se asocia con una tasa metabólica de reposo suprimida.
- Esto sugiere que la práctica de la pérdida y recuperación de peso repetida puede reducir el gasto energético general de un atleta.
- Investigaciones adicionales podrían explorar las consecuencias metabólicas a largo plazo para los atletas que participan en ciclismo con pesas.
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