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Un impacto artificial en el asteroide (162173) Ryugu formó un cráter en el régimen dominado por la gravedad
1Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. masahiko.arakawa@penguin.kobe-u.ac.jp.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 21, 2020
Resumen
La misión Hayabusa2 creó un cráter artificial en el asteroide Ryugu usando un impactador. Este experimento reveló información sobre los cráteres dominados por la gravedad y la edad de la superficie del asteroide.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los asteroides
- Geología planetaria
- La exploración espacial
Sus antecedentes:
- El asteroide Ryugu es un asteroide tipo C con una estructura de pilas de escombros.
- Comprender los procesos de la superficie de los asteroides es crucial para la ciencia planetaria.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los efectos de un experimento de impacto en la superficie del asteroide Ryugu.
- Para analizar la formación de cráteres y la dinámica de las eyecciones en un entorno de baja gravedad.
Principales métodos:
- Realización de un experimento de impacto artificial utilizando el pequeño impactador portátil (SCI) de Hayabusa2.
- Registro del evento de impacto y de las piezas eyectables mediante la cámara 3 desplegable (DCAM3).
- Analizando la morfología del cráter resultante y el comportamiento de los eyectos.
Principales resultados:
- Se creó con éxito un cráter artificial de más de 10 metros de diámetro.
- El cráter exhibió una forma semicircular, un borde elevado y un hoyo central.
- Se observó la dinámica de la cortina de eyección, mostrando asimetría y desprendimiento incompleto, lo que indica un cráter dominado por la gravedad.
Conclusiones:
- El experimento de impacto proporcionó evidencia directa de cráteres dominados por la gravedad en Ryugu.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para estimar la edad de la superficie y la historia geológica de Ryugu.
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