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Aparición de la complejidad en partículas quirales organizadas jerárquicamente

Wenfeng Jiang^1,2,3, Zhi-Bei Qu^1,2,3, Prashant Kumar^1,2

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 11, 2020

Resumen

Los investigadores crearon partículas complejas y organizadas jerárquicamente (HOP) a partir de nanoplaquetas de oro. Estas estructuras exhiben una mayor complejidad que los materiales biológicos, impulsados por la simetría en lugar del tamaño, abriendo nuevas vías para los coloides avanzados.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
Nanotecnología
Ciencia de los biomateriales

Sus antecedentes:

Los biomateriales compuestos y las partículas biomineralizadas exhiben complejidad estructural debido al ordenamiento jerárquico de los bloques de construcción inorgánicos.
Los mecanismos físicoquímicos que impulsan la complejidad geométrica de los nanoensamblajes, particularmente con componentes de tamaño no uniforme, siguen siendo poco conocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los mecanismos de autoensamblaje de las partículas organizadas jerárquicamente (HOP) a partir de nanoplaquetas de tiolato de oro polidispersas.
Comprender cómo la simetría de las nanopartículas y la quiralidad de los ligandos influyen en la formación de arquitecturas coloidales complejas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó nanoplaquetas de tiolato de oro polidisperso con ligandos de superficie de cisteína para experimentos de autoensamblaje.
Se emplearon métodos de teoría de gráficos para analizar y cuantificar la complejidad estructural de los HOP resultantes.
Desarrolló diagramas de fase HOP para mapear los resultados del ensamblaje en función de diferentes parámetros.

Principales resultados:

HOPs sintetizados con éxito con morfologías complejas, incluidos picos retorcidos, que demuestran una mayor complejidad que las contrapartes biológicas.
Se encontró que las vías de ensamblaje se rigen predominantemente por la simetría de las nanopartículas y las restricciones dependientes de la quiralidad, en lugar del tamaño de las partículas.
Se han identificado factores clave que controlan el autoensamblaje de estructuras coloidales complejas.

Conclusiones:

El estudio aclara los mecanismos detrás del autoensamblaje de arquitecturas coloidales complejas, impulsadas por la simetría y la quiralidad.
Los hallazgos proporcionan una vía para diseñar una amplia gama de coloides con arquitecturas complejas sintonizables.
Estos nuevos HOP poseen potencial para aplicaciones que aprovechan sus inusuales propiedades quirópticas y químicas.

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