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Canal de agua sintético similar al acuaporino basado en Aquafoldmer
Jie Shen1, Ruijuan Ye2, Alyssa Romanies3
1The NanoBio Lab, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore, 138669.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 8, 2020
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo canal de agua sintético que imita las acuaporinas para la purificación del agua. Este nuevo canal logra el transporte de agua de alta velocidad y el rechazo de iones, superando las opciones sintéticas existentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Ingeniería biomimética
- Nanotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las acuaporinas facilitan el transporte de agua altamente selectivo y rápido, crucial para los sistemas biológicos.
- Los canales de agua sintéticos existentes no han replicado la eficiencia y la selectividad de las acuaporinas.
- El desarrollo de canales artificiales es clave para las tecnologías avanzadas de purificación de agua.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para diseñar un canal de agua sintético con un rendimiento similar al de la acuaporina.
- Investigar el impacto del volumen de poros en la eficiencia del transporte de agua.
- Para crear un nuevo sistema de purificación de agua altamente selectiva.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó una estrategia molecular mediada por el "fin pegajoso" para la construcción de canales de agua abióticos.
- El volumen de los poros varía sistemáticamente en la escala de angstrom.
- Las tasas de transporte de agua medidas y el rechazo de iones (NaCl, KCl).
Principales resultados:
- Un aumento del 20% en el volumen de los poros condujo a una mejora de 15 veces en el transporte de agua.
- Se ha logrado una velocidad de transporte de agua de aproximadamente 3 × 10^9 moléculas de H2O por segundo por canal.
- Se han demostrado altas tasas de rechazo de NaCl y KCl, lo que indica una selectividad significativa.
- El canal sintético (canal 1) exhibe aproximadamente el 50% de la capacidad de transporte de agua de aquaporin Z.
Conclusiones:
- El canal de agua sintético desarrollado exhibe características sin precedentes de acuaporina.
- Este sistema representa un avance significativo en la tecnología de canales de agua sintéticos.
- Ofrece una plataforma prometedora para la purificación y desalinización de agua de próxima generación.
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