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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

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The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
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Desarrollo prenatal de la inmunidad humana

Jong-Eun Park1, Laura Jardine2, Berthold Gottgens3,4

  • 1Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 9, 2020
PubMed
Resumen

El sistema inmunológico humano se desarrolla en paralelo con los sistemas sanguíneos durante la vida prenatal. Las tecnologías avanzadas de una sola célula ahora permiten el mapeo detallado de este complejo y adaptable sistema.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología del desarrollo
  • Inmunología
  • La genómica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La sangre y el sistema inmunológico se desarrollan simultáneamente durante el desarrollo prenatal temprano.
  • Los estudios anteriores se basaron en modelos animales, limitando las ideas específicas del ser humano.
  • Comprender el desarrollo del sistema inmunológico humano es crucial para la salud y la enfermedad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Mapear el sistema inmunológico humano en desarrollo utilizando tecnologías avanzadas de una sola célula.
  • Comprender la composición y las propiedades emergentes del sistema inmunológico humano durante el desarrollo.
  • Investigar la adaptabilidad del sistema a las necesidades del desarrollo y a los factores ambientales.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizando enfoques multiómicos de una sola célula.
  • Aprovechando la genómica de una sola célula a gran escala y las tecnologías avanzadas de imagen.
  • Integración de los datos de la iniciativa Atlas de células humanas.

Principales resultados:

  • Habilitado el mapeo a nivel de sistemas del sistema inmunológico humano en desarrollo.
  • Reveló el desarrollo paralelo de la sangre y los sistemas inmunológicos.
  • Demostró la naturaleza maleable y sensible del sistema inmunológico en desarrollo.

Conclusiones:

  • Las tecnologías de una sola célula proporcionan información sin precedentes sobre el desarrollo del sistema inmunológico humano.
  • El sistema inmunológico en desarrollo es adaptable a las señales internas y externas.
  • Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar las funciones específicas de las células inmunes durante el desarrollo.