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Sensibilidad térmica a largo plazo de los bosques tropicales de la Tierra
Martin J P Sullivan1,2, Simon L Lewis3,4, Kofi Affum-Baffoe5
1School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. martin.sullivan@mmu.ac.uk.
Resumen
Los bosques tropicales muestran una mayor resistencia térmica a largo plazo de lo que sugieren los datos a corto plazo. La protección de estos ecosistemas vitales y la estabilización del clima global son cruciales para su futuro almacenamiento de carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del clima
- Ecología
- Sector forestal
Sus antecedentes:
- La sensibilidad del carbono de los bosques tropicales al clima es una gran incertidumbre en las predicciones del cambio climático global.
- Las variaciones climáticas a corto plazo (secado, calentamiento) afectan a los bosques, pero las respuestas a largo plazo siguen sin estar claras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar los controles climáticos de equilibrio en el almacenamiento de carbono de los bosques tropicales.
- Evaluar la resiliencia climática a largo plazo de los bosques tropicales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 590 parcelas permanentes en los trópicos.
- Modelado estadístico para identificar los principales predictores climáticos de la biomasa de la superficie.
Principales resultados:
- La temperatura máxima es el principal predictor de la biomasa sobre el suelo, lo que reduce la productividad maderera.
- La biomasa disminuye en -9.1 megagramos de carbono por hectárea por grado Celsius.
- El impacto de la temperatura es más pronunciado en los bosques más cálidos (>32,2°C).
Conclusiones:
- Los bosques tropicales exhiben una mayor resistencia térmica de lo que indican las observaciones a corto plazo.
- El potencial de adaptación a largo plazo requiere tanto la protección del ecosistema como la estabilización del clima.
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