Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes

Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes

Published on: January 16, 2015

La regulación metabólica del epigenoma conduce al ependimoma infantil letal

Kulandaimanuvel Antony Michealraj¹, Sachin A Kumar², Leo J Y Kim³

¹The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.

|May 24, 2020

Resumen

Los ependimomas de la fosa posterior A en los bebés son impulsados epigenéticamente y prosperan en condiciones de bajo oxígeno. Dirigirse a su metabolismo y epigenética ofrece un nuevo enfoque terapéutico para esta letal malignidad del cerebro posterior.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neuro-oncología
La epigenética
Biología del desarrollo

Sus antecedentes:

Los ependimomas de fosa posterior A (PFA) son tumores agresivos del cerebro posterior en niños pequeños.
Estos tumores carecen de mutaciones recurrentes, lo que sugiere una desregulación epigenética.
Los sistemas modelo existentes para los ependimomas de PFA son insuficientes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los mecanismos epigenéticos que impulsan el ependimoma PFA.
Para explorar el papel de la hipoxia y el metabolismo en el mantenimiento del ependimoma PFA.
Identificar posibles objetivos terapéuticos para el ependimoma de la PFA.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de las células de ependimoma PFA en condiciones hipóxicas.
Perfiles metabólicos y epigenómicos, centrados en las modificaciones histónicas (H3K27).
Evaluación de la respuesta celular a la exposición al oxígeno y la inhibición epigenética dirigida.

Principales resultados:

Los ependimomas de PFA se mantienen por hipoxia, lo que restringe los metabolitos para la metilación de histonas.
La hipoxia conduce a un aumento de la desmetilación y la acetilación de las histonas en H3K27.
Las células PFA provienen de un linaje del primer trimestre adaptado a un bajo nivel de oxígeno y son sensibles al oxígeno ambiental.
La inhibición de la metilación de H3K27 afecta paradójicamente el crecimiento tumoral del PFA a pesar de los bajos niveles basales de H3K27me3.

Conclusiones:

Los ependimomas PFA son tumores epigenéticamente regulados que dependen de las condiciones hipóxicas.
La reprogramación metabólica y epigenética es crucial para el crecimiento del tumor PFA.
Dirigirse al metabolismo celular y al epigenoma presenta una estrategia terapéutica prometedora para los bebés con ependimoma PFA.

Palabras clave:

metabolismo del cáncer El ependimoma La epigenética Desarrollo del cerebro posterior el microambiente cáncer pediátrico

Más Videos Relacionados

Lentiviral Vector Platform for the Efficient Delivery of Epigenome-editing Tools into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Disease Models

Lentiviral Vector Platform for the Efficient Delivery of Epigenome-editing Tools into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Disease Models

Published on: March 29, 2019

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors

Published on: August 5, 2022

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...

Abnormal Proliferation

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...