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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

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Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂01:29

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The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

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Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
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Mutagenic Survey of Key Residues of NifB Involved in Radical SAM-Dependent Nitrogenase Cofactor Assembly.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Pruebas estructurales para un metallocofactor dinámico durante la reducción N2 por Mo-nitrogenasa

Wonchull Kang1, Chi Chung Lee1, Andrew J Jasniewski1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Enzima de la nitrogenasa

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La bioquímica
  • Biología estructural
  • Enzimología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La nitrogenasa es crucial para convertir el nitrógeno atmosférico en amoníaco.
  • El mecanismo preciso de la catálisis de la nitrogenasa sigue siendo incompleto.
  • Los metalocofactores son esenciales para la actividad de reducción de nitrógeno de la nitrogenasa.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para aclarar los detalles mecánicos de la función de la nitrogenasa.
  • Para capturar y analizar la estructura de la proteína MoFe durante la rotación de N2.
  • Investigar el papel de la dinámica de los cofactores en la fijación del nitrógeno.

Principales métodos:

  • Cristalografía de rayos X
  • Determinación de una estructura cristalina de alta resolución (1,83 Å) de la proteína MoFe.
  • Análisis de los cambios estructurales de los cofactores en condiciones fisiológicas de rotación de N2.

Principales resultados:

  • Se han observado desplazamientos asimétricos de los sulfuros del cinturón del cofactor (S2B, S3A, S5A).
  • Se han identificado especies distintas de nitrógeno dentro de los dos dímeros alfa-beta.
  • Se revelaron diferencias en la donación de protones y la ligadura de homocitrato de Mo (cambio de bidentato a monodentado).

Conclusiones:

  • El cofactor nitrogenasa exhibe un comportamiento dinámico durante la catálisis.
  • Todos los sitios de banda de azufre identificados parecen participar en el proceso de fijación del nitrógeno.
  • Los hallazgos proporcionan información crítica sobre el mecanismo de fijación biológica del nitrógeno.