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Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
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Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis
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Las vesículas extracelulares

Federico Cocozza1, Eleonora Grisard2, Lorena Martin-Jaular2

  • 1Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris 75005, France; Université de Paris, 85 Bd St germain, Paris 75006, France.

Cell
|July 11, 2020
PubMed
Resumen

Las células liberan vesículas extracelulares (EV) que llevan componentes celulares y tienen diversas funciones. Existen varios métodos para aislar estos EV, lo que afecta su pureza y abundancia para la investigación.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología celular
  • La bioquímica
  • Biotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las células liberan continuamente vesículas extracelulares (EV) en su entorno.
  • Las EV abarcan diversos subtipos como los exosomas y las microvesículas, que se originan en los endosomas o la membrana plasmática.
  • Estas vesículas transportan carga celular y exhiben variadas propiedades funcionales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proporcionar una visión general de la liberación y las características de la vesícula extracelular (VE).
  • Discutir las implicaciones de las diferentes técnicas de aislamiento en los preparados de EV.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura sobre la biogénesis y liberación de EV.
  • Análisis de las metodologías comunes de aislamiento de vehículos eléctricos.
  • Comparación de la pureza y la abundancia en diferentes técnicas de separación de EV.

Principales resultados:

  • Las vesículas extracelulares (EV) se liberan a través de vías biogénicas distintas.
  • La carga de los vehículos eléctricos refleja su célula de origen, que les confiere funciones específicas.
  • Las técnicas de aislamiento influyen significativamente en la composición y el rendimiento de los preparados EV.

Conclusiones:

  • La comprensión de la heterogeneidad EV es crucial para los estudios funcionales.
  • La elección del método de aislamiento de EV tiene un impacto directo en los resultados de la investigación.
  • Es necesaria la estandarización de las técnicas de separación de EV para obtener resultados reproducibles.