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El vínculo entre la enfermedad renal y el cáncer: complicaciones y tratamiento
Jolanta Malyszko1, Petra Tesarova2, Giovambattista Capasso3
1Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 27, 2020
Resumen
Los tratamientos contra el cáncer pueden dañar los riñones. Esta revisión hace hincapié en la colaboración entre oncólogos y nefrólogos para prevenir y controlar el daño renal inducido por la quimioterapia, mejorando la atención al paciente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología y Nefrología
- Terapia contra el cáncer
- Medicina del riñón
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad renal está estrechamente relacionada con el cáncer, tanto como causa como consecuencia.
- Los agentes quimioterapéuticos utilizados en el tratamiento del cáncer son con frecuencia nefrotóxicos, lo que lleva a una disfunción renal.
- La nefrotoxicidad a menudo se hace evidente durante las etapas avanzadas del cáncer.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Hacer hincapié en la necesidad crítica de colaboración multidisciplinaria entre oncólogos y nefrólogos.
- Para resaltar la predicción y prevención de la nefrotoxicidad inducida por la quimioterapia.
- Abordar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de nuevas toxicidades renales asociadas con terapias oncológicas emergentes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura actual sobre el tratamiento del cáncer y la nefrotoxicidad.
- Análisis de la interacción entre cáncer, enfermedad renal y quimioterapia.
- Debate sobre la importancia de la comunicación interdisciplinaria y el desarrollo de directrices.
Principales resultados:
- La nefrotoxicidad inducida por la quimioterapia es un desafío clínico significativo en el tratamiento del cáncer.
- La colaboración multidisciplinaria es esencial para el tratamiento eficaz de las complicaciones renales.
- Desarrollo anticipado de directrices clínicas para apoyar el manejo del paciente.
Conclusiones:
- Los modelos de atención integrada que involucran a oncólogos y nefrólogos son vitales para los pacientes con cáncer con insuficiencia renal.
- Se necesitan estrategias proactivas para mitigar el daño renal relacionado con la quimioterapia.
- Las futuras directrices mejorarán el tratamiento terapéutico de los casos complejos de cáncer y enfermedad renal.
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