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Enciclopedias ampliadas de elementos de ADN en los genomas de humanos y ratones
, Jill E Moore1, Michael J Purcaro1
1University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Worcester, MA, USA.
Nature
|July 31, 2020
Resumen
El proyecto de la Enciclopedia de los Elementos del ADN (ENCODE) mapeó los genomas humanos y de ratones, identificando millones de elementos reguladores. Este recurso mejora la comprensión de la organización y la función del genoma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La genómica
- La epigenética
- Biología molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- Los genomas humanos y de ratón codifican el ARN y las proteínas, regulando su producción.
- Comprender la regulación del genoma es crucial para descifrar los procesos biológicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para ampliar el análisis de las características genómicas del Proyecto Enciclopedia de Elementos de ADN (ENCODE).
- Crear un registro completo de los elementos cis-reguladores en los genomas de humanos y ratones.
Principales métodos:
- Se recogieron 5.992 nuevos conjuntos de datos experimentales sobre la transcripción del ARN, la estructura de la cromatina, la metilación del ADN y la ocupación de proteínas.
- Se han integrado tipos de datos seleccionados para identificar elementos candidatos de cisregulación.
- Desarrolló el servidor web SCREEN para el acceso definido por el usuario a los datos genómicos.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron 926.535 elementos cis-reguladores en humanos y 339.815 en ratones.
- Estos elementos cubren el 7,9% (humano) y el 3,4% (ratón) de sus respectivos genomas.
- Generó datos sistemáticos sobre el desarrollo fetal de ratones.
Conclusiones:
- El portal de datos ENCODE y el recurso SCREEN proporcionan una amplia información genómica.
- Este recurso ayuda a la comunidad científica a comprender la organización y la función del genoma.
- Facilita una visión más profunda de la regulación génica en humanos y ratones.
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