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El impacto de las mutaciones en el aumento del SARS-CoV-2 en la infectividad viral y la antigeneidad
Qianqian Li1, Jiajing Wu2, Jianhui Nie2
1Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, No. 31 Huatuo Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
Cell
|July 31, 2020
Resumen
Las mutaciones de la proteína del pico del SARS-CoV-2 afectan la infectividad y la resistencia a los anticuerpos. La glicosilación es crucial para la infectividad viral, con mutaciones específicas que afectan la eficacia de neutralización de anticuerpos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Inmunología
- Biología molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- La proteína del pico del SARS-CoV-2 está altamente glicosilada y sujeta a mutaciones.
- Comprender estos cambios es fundamental para desarrollar vacunas y terapias efectivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la importancia biológica de las mutaciones de la proteína de pico del SARS-CoV-2 y las modificaciones del sitio de glicosilación.
- Evaluar el impacto en la infectividad viral y la neutralización por anticuerpos y sueros de convalecencia.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 80 variantes de proteínas de picos y 26 modificaciones del sitio de glicosilación.
- Evaluación de la infectividad y reactividad frente a anticuerpos neutralizantes y sueros de pacientes.
Principales resultados:
- La mutación D614G y ciertas variantes combinadas mostraron una infectividad significativamente mayor.
- Las variantes del dominio de unión al receptor a menudo reducían la infectividad, pero algunas conferían resistencia a los anticuerpos (por ejemplo, A475V, L452R).
- Las deleciones por glicosilación disminuyeron generalmente la infectividad, con las deleciones de N331 y N343 teniendo un efecto drástico. El N234Q aumentó la resistencia de los anticuerpos, mientras que el N165Q aumentó la sensibilidad.
Conclusiones:
- Las mutaciones de las proteínas de punta y los patrones de glicosilación influyen significativamente en la infectividad del SARS-CoV-2 y la evasión inmune.
- Los sitios específicos de glicosilación son vitales para la infectividad viral.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información para diseñar vacunas de próxima generación y anticuerpos terapéuticos dirigidos al SARS-CoV-2.
Palabras clave:
El COVID-19En el caso del SARS-CoV-2glicosilaciónLos mutantesvirus de seudotipoEl picoLas variantesMás Videos Relacionados
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