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Clivado de dinitrógeno por un grupo heterometálico con múltiples enlaces de uranio y rodio

Xiaoqing Xin¹, Iskander Douair², Yue Zhao¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|August 14, 2020

Resumen

Los químicos lograron la reducción de nitrógeno (N2) utilizando un nuevo grupo de uranio y rodio. Este avance facilita la síntesis de amoníaco mediante la escisión del enlace triple N2 en condiciones ambientales, ofreciendo una vía prometedora para la fijación de nitrógeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química inorgánica
Catálisis
Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

La reducción de nitrógeno (N2) es un desafío importante en la química.
Los centros metálicos múltiples son cruciales para la escisión del enlace triple N2 en la síntesis industrial y natural de amoníaco.
Los complejos de uranio multimetal para la escisión de N2 rara vez se informan, a pesar del papel histórico del uranio en el proceso Haber-Bosch.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar de la escisión del nitrógeno (N2) por un grupo de uranio y rodio multimetal.
Demostrar el potencial de los grupos multimetales basados en uranio para la fijación y reducción del N2.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó un grupo de uranio y rodio multimetal para la escisión de N2.
Caracterizó el cúmulo usando cristalografía de rayos X.
Se emplearon estudios computacionales para comprender el mecanismo de reacción.
Rendimiento cuantificado de amonio después del tratamiento ácido del producto de nitruro.

Principales resultados:

Se ha logrado la escisión del N2 en dos nitritos utilizando el racimo de uranio y rodio a temperatura y presión ambiente.
El producto de nitruro resultante reaccionó con ácido para producir cantidades sustanciales de amonio.
Confirmó la presencia de un enlace uranio-rodio dentro del cúmulo.

Conclusiones:

Los grupos de metales de transición de uranio multimetal son eficaces para la fijación y reducción del N2.
Este estudio presenta un nuevo método para la escisión de N2 en condiciones suaves.
Los hallazgos abren nuevas vías para desarrollar catalizadores avanzados para la síntesis de amoníaco.

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