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La restauración activa acelera la recuperación de carbono de los bosques tropicales modificados por el hombre

Christopher D Philipson^1,2, Mark E J Cutler¹, Philip G Brodrick³

¹School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK. christopher.philipson@usys.ethz.ch m.e.j.cutler@dundee.ac.uk.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 15, 2020

Resumen

La restauración de los bosques tropicales aumenta significativamente la recuperación de la densidad de carbono en la superficie. Con los precios del carbono alineados con los objetivos del Acuerdo de París, la restauración se vuelve económicamente viable, ayudando a la biodiversidad y los objetivos climáticos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Ciencias del clima
Sector forestal

Sus antecedentes:

Más de la mitad de los bosques tropicales están degradados, lo que pone en riesgo la biodiversidad y la pérdida de carbono.
Los impactos humanos amenazan los bosques con la conversión en plantaciones agrícolas.
La restauración ofrece una solución potencial para acelerar la recuperación del bosque.

Objetivo del estudio:

Comparar las tasas de recuperación de la densidad de carbono en superficie (DCA) en los bosques tropicales de regeneración natural frente a los restaurados activamente.
Evaluar la viabilidad económica de la restauración de los bosques tropicales.

Principales métodos:

Comparación a largo plazo de las tasas de recuperación de ACD.
Análisis de los costes de restauración y de los precios del carbono.

Principales resultados:

La restauración activa mejoró la recuperación del ACD decenal en más del 50% (de 2,9 a 4,4 mg/ año).
Los costos actuales de restauración requieren precios de carbono más altos para la justificación económica.
Los precios del carbono alineados con el Acuerdo de París ($ 40- $ 80 / tCO2e) justificarían la inversión en restauración.

Conclusiones:

La restauración activa acelera significativamente el secuestro de carbono en los bosques tropicales.
Los incentivos económicos, en particular el precio del carbono, son cruciales para la adopción generalizada de la restauración.
La restauración de los bosques tropicales es una estrategia clave para la mitigación del cambio climático y la conservación de la biodiversidad.

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