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Un dominio parecido a priones en ELF3 funciona como un termosensor en Arabidopsis

Jae-Hoon Jung^1,2, Antonio D Barbosa¹, Stephanie Hutin³

¹Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

|August 28, 2020

Resumen

Las plantas perciben la temperatura a través de la proteína compleja nocturna ELF3, cuya longitud de repetición de poliglutamina (polyQ) dicta la respuesta térmica. Esta proteína sufre rápidas transiciones de fase inducidas por la temperatura, revelando un nuevo mecanismo de detección térmica de la planta.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología vegetal
Biología molecular
La biofísica

Sus antecedentes:

La temperatura es un factor crítico que influye en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas, y el cambio climático afecta a la fenología de las plantas.
Los mecanismos moleculares por los cuales las plantas perciben la temperatura siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
El complejo nocturno, compuesto por ELF3, ELF4 y LUX, es un componente clave del reloj circadiano de la planta y actúa como un represor de transcripción sensible a la temperatura.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para aclarar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a la detección de la temperatura en las plantas.
Investigar el papel de la proteína EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), en particular su repetición de poliglutamina (polyQ) y su dominio parecido a priones (PrD), en la respuesta térmica.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de la longitud de repetición de ELF3 en plantas de diferentes climas.
Ensayos bioquímicos y biofísicos, incluidos los estudios in vitro de transición de fase de los fragmentos de ELF3 PrD.
Microscopia para observar cambios inducidos por la temperatura en la localización de ELF3 (formación de manchas) in vivo.

Principales resultados:

La longitud de la repetición polyQ en ELF3 se correlaciona con su capacidad de respuesta térmica.
Las proteínas ELF3 de plantas en climas más cálidos muestran una respuesta térmica reducida y carecen de un PrD detectable.
La temperatura induce transiciones de fase rápidas y reversibles (formación de manchas) de ELF3 in vivo y la formación de gotas líquidas de su PrD in vitro, dependiendo de la PrD.

Conclusiones:

El dominio parecido al prión de ELF3 es crucial para su capacidad de detección de temperatura.
La separación de la fase líquido-líquido inducida por la temperatura del ELF3 representa un nuevo mecanismo para la termo-sensación en las plantas.
Este mecanismo permite ajustes rápidos en las respuestas de las plantas a las fluctuaciones de temperatura.

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