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Estructura del complejo C9orf72 ARF GAP que es haploinsufficiente en ALS y FTD
Ming-Yuan Su1,2, Simon A Fromm1,2, Roberto Zoncu1,2
1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 28, 2020
Resumen
El complejo C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Biología molecular
- Biología estructural
Sus antecedentes:
- Las mutaciones C9orf72 son la principal causa genética de la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) y la degeneración frontotemporal (DFT).
- La haploinsuficiencia y las expansiones repetidas en C9orf72 contribuyen a la disfunción neuronal en estas enfermedades neurodegenerativas.
- La función molecular precisa de C9orf72 en los procesos celulares sigue siendo incompletamente entendida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar la base estructural del complejo C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41.
- Para investigar el papel funcional de este complejo en las vías celulares.
- Para entender cómo la disfunción C9orf72 contribuye a la neurodegeneración.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó microscopía criolectrónica para determinar la estructura de alta resolución del complejo C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41.
- Se utilizaron ensayos bioquímicos para evaluar la actividad enzimática del complejo.
- Se realizaron estudios de localización celular en diversas condiciones, incluida la inanición de aminoácidos.
Principales resultados:
- La estructura cryo-EM reveló un conjunto único que se asemeja a un gancho de deslizamiento del ojo, con interacciones específicas entre WDR41 y el dominio SMCR8 DENN.
- El complejo C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41 se localiza en los lisosomas después de la inanición de aminoácidos, lo que sugiere un papel en la detección o respuesta de nutrientes.
- El complejo fue identificado como una proteína activadora de la GTPasa (GAP) específicamente para la familia ARF de pequeñas GTPasas.
Conclusiones:
- La caracterización estructural y funcional del complejo C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41 proporciona información crítica sobre el papel de C9orf72 en la fisiología celular normal.
- Este hallazgo establece C9orf72 como un GAP para las GTPasas ARF, vinculándolo a las vías de señalización celular fundamentales.
- La comprensión de la función de este complejo puede revelar nuevos objetivos terapéuticos para enfermedades neurodegenerativas asociadas con C9orf72, como ELA y FTD.
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